BIHAR Bihar is a state situated in the Eastern part of the India. Bihar is the second most populous state of India. The state share its bor...
BIHAR
Bihar is a state situated in the Eastern part of the India. Bihar is the second most populous state of India. The state share its border with Nepal, the neighboring country and the other Indian states like Orissa, West Bengal, Jharkhand, UttarPradesh and Madhya Pradesh. The state holds the population of about 12.85 Crore in 2020. Bihar is one of the largest fruits and vegetables supplier of the country. The state has the rich Minerals resources and holds the GDP of about 6.12 lakh Crore.
Bihar is the home of Great Emperor Ashoka who adopt the Buddhist culture after the Battle of Kalinga and spread the message of Ahinsa (peace). This Tradition of Ahinsa (Peace) has been carried into modern time and the state witnessed to the Satyagraha Movement also known as Non-Violence Movement started by Mahatma Gandhi, The Father of Nation.
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- Mother Nation - India 🇮🇳
- Formation - 22 March 1912
- Capital - Patna ( The largest city)
- Official language - Hindi and Bihari
- Bird - House sparrow
- Fruit - Mango
- Tree - Peepal Tree
History
The vast History of Bihar is start with the Niolithic Age. Chirand is an archeological site near the bank of Ganga river in Saran district. About 2500 -1345 BC, the occupational categorized covered three periods. These are Niolithic Age, Chalcolithic Age and the Iron Age.
Later Vedic period in 1100 - 500 BCE, Mithila region of Bihar became the center of Indian power under the rule of Janaks. Goddess Sita was the daughter of on the Janak on Mithila mentioned as the wife of Lord Rama in the epic Ramayana written by Rishi Valmiki.
The period of Maurya Dynasty begin in 325 - 185 BCE. Chandra Gupta Maurya was the first ruler of the dynasty. Ashoka born in the Patliputra in 304 BCE. Ashoka became the emperor of the Magadh in 273 BCE and fought many battles in his life. One of the main battle which is also known as the life changing battle for Ashoka in Battle of Kalinga.
At the time of Islamic Sultanate in India. The one of the 2 biggest and oldest universities Nalanda and Vikramshila were destroyed and burnt by the Bakhtiyar Khilji in 1200.
Later In 1666, The 10th and the last guru of Sikhs Shri Guru Govind Singh born in patna. After many years of difficulties and being captured many time by different dynasties, In 1947 Bihar become the state of Republic of India.
Culture of Bihar
Bihar owns one of the vast variety of culture. The people of Bihar known as Bihari. The majority of the people lived in Bihar are Hindus. The Yadav community is in majority. The popular dance of the state is Jata Jatin, Panwariya, Bidesia etc. The famous song of the state is Harkirtan and Astajam. Bihar is also famous for the variety of artifacts. Bihar is known for its various ancient destinations, food and festivals which reflects the real beauty of the state.
Famous Destinations of Bihar
Bihar is famous for its popular tourist destinations which shows the beauty and the Ancientness of the state. So lets discuss about the famous destinations of Bihar.
1. Nalanda University.
Nalanda University is one the oldest University established in 5th century A.D. and is considered the first residential University ever in the world. Nalanda University was built in the ancient kushana style with red rocks. The university had 2000 teachers who taught over 10000 students from different parts of the world. The unique fact about that University was that the Buddha himself was the teacher in the University and Hieun-Tsang, a great Chinese traveller was the student in the Nalanda University. Unfortunately, in 1200 the university was destroyed and burnt by Bakhtiyar khilji. Many tourists came every year to visit this ancient architecture.
2. Bodh Gaya.
Bodh Gaya is the most popular Buddhist pilgrimage site situated in the Gaya district of Bihar. It is famous for the Bodhi Tree where lord Gautama Buddha attained enlightenment. This place is considered as UNESCO World Heritage Site. Millions of tourist came every year from different parts of the worlds especially from Japan and China. It is the part of one of the four most important Buddhist sites including Kushinagar, lumbini, Sarnath. Bodh Gaya was also known as Sambodhi, Vajrasana, Mahabodhi until the 18th century.
3. Tomb of Sher Shah Suri.
Sher Shah Suri's tomb is the most popular destination situated in the Sasaram town of Bihar. It was built in the memory of Emperor Sher Shah Suri. It is made of red stones in Indo-Islamic architecture. The tomb is the beautiful place and also known as the Second Taj Mahal of India. The construction of the tomb goes during the life of Sher Shah Suri itself and completely built after 3 months of his death. This is one of the most visited place in Bihar by the tourists.
4. Bhagalpur.
Bhagalpur is a city situated on the southern banks of River Ganga. The city is popularly known as the Silk City of Bihar. It is the Third largest city of the state. This city is the educational hub and the commercial centre of the state. The city holds the species of National aquatic animalanimals of India, The Gangetic Dolphins in the Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphins Sanctuary. Many tourists came every year to visit the beautiful city as the name of the city also mentioned in the mythological history of India.
Popular Food of Bihar
Bihar is famous for its cultural food which is very famous in every part of the state. So lets discuss about the famous Food of the Bihar.
1. Litti Chokha.
Litti Chokha is one of the most famous dish of Bihar. This is the dish, Bihari people lives for. This dish is found is every corner of the State. The king of the dishes, Litti Choka is made up of smoky flavorer ball of wheat filled with sattu, roasted on coal fire. It is served with Chokha which is made up of boiled potatoes and grilled eggplant. This dish is not only famous for its nutritional value but also popular for its unforgettable taste.
2. Dal Pitha.
Dal Pitha is very popular dish found in Bihar. This dish is known as the unique and healthier version of momos. Dal Pitha is made up of rice flour filled with spicy lentils and then steamed in the bowl. This dish is a experiment and a good replacement of maida made dishes. Whenever you visit the state, must try this dish to experience the great taste.
3. Mutton Kababs.
Each state has its own variety of tasty kababs. Mutton kababs of bihar is one of the famous dish that gives you a Mouth-melting flavor. The smoky flavor and the crunchy taste of the Mutton kababs reminds you the ancient Mughal Era. It is made of mild spices, meat fillets, raw papaya with mustard oil. This dish is gound in every corner of the state and also the most consuming dish of the state.
4. Thekua.
Thekua is one of the most famous sweet dish cooked on the special occasion of holy Chatt pooja in Bihar. Thekua is a sweet dish or snacks made of wheat flour, jaggery or sugar mixed together, molded and deep fried in ghee. This snack cooked in every house of the state and gives you a traditional pleasent taste.
Popular Festivals of Bihar
Bihar is famous for its various traditional festivals celebrates with full of joy and happiness. So lets discuss about the famous festivals of Bihar.
1. Chatt Pooja.
Chatt Pooja is one of the most popular festival celebrate in every part of India especially in Bihar. This festival is celebrated on the 6th day after the Diwali. This festival is dedicated to Sun God (Surya Dev). On this day devotees fast strictly without food and water and offer water to the rising and setting sun. The Thekua is cooked on this occasion. This festival is celebrate with full of happiness and excitement and brings joy in everyone's heart.
2. Buddha Jayanti.
Buddha Jayanti is the famous Buddhist festival celebrated in the Pilgrimage city of Bodh Gaya district in Bihar. Buddha Jayanti is celebrated in the month of March where many devotees gathered on Mahabodhi Temple. The chariot of lord Buddha performs in the city. Devotees worshiped their deities and pray for the Happy and Healthy life. The whole city is decorated on the occasion of Buddha Jayanti.
3. Sonepur Cattle Fair.
Sonepur Cattle Fair is the popular fair organized ine the Sonepur, a small town situated around the Ganga river in Bihar. The fair is celebrated in November every year to show the historical and the cultural value of the state. It is said that Chandragupt Maurya used to buy cattles from here and the tradition followed till today. This is the largest Cattle Fair in the Asia where large number of cattles buy ir sold. The area is decorated and the mela organized near the Ganga. This fair is very popular and celebrate with full or happiness and joy.
4. Rajgir Mahotsav.
Rajgir Mahotsav is the famous festival celebrate in the Rajgir city which was the capital of Bihar in Ancient times. The festival is celebrated every year in the October. It is the cultural festival where many talent shows, cultural dance perfomed by the artists. People of different places came to attend the festival. Many exhibitions setup during the festival. If you visit the state at the time of this festival must witnessed the festival.
These are the factors that reminds you about the ancient and the cultural belief of the state. There are more factors left to explain. So if you make plan yo visit the state of Bihar must explore the whole state. If you like and appreciate my work. Share this with your friends and family.
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